{"id":54,"date":"2015-03-10T13:40:03","date_gmt":"2015-03-10T13:40:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/stoma.is\/?page_id=54"},"modified":"2021-06-14T13:42:28","modified_gmt":"2021-06-14T13:42:28","slug":"frodleikur-um-stoma","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/stoma.is\/?page_id=54","title":{"rendered":"Fr\u00f3\u00f0leikur um st\u00f3ma"},"content":{"rendered":"

Or\u00f0i\u00f0 st\u00f3ma er komi\u00f0 \u00far gr\u00edsku og merkir munnur e\u00f0a op. \u00dargangur, \u00fe.e. \u00fevag e\u00f0a h\u00e6g\u00f0ir, koma \u00fat um st\u00f3ma\u00f0 \u00e1 kvi\u00f0num. St\u00f3ma getur veri\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fdmsu formi en helst er tala\u00f0 um ristilst\u00f3ma (colostomy), garnast\u00f3ma (ileostomy), \u00a0j-poka (J-pouch) og \u00fevagst\u00f3ma (urostomy).<\/p>\n

S\u00e1 sem er me\u00f0 poka \u00e1 kvi\u00f0num hefur enga stj\u00f3rn \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed sem kemur \u00ed pokann. \u00deess vegna \u00fearf a\u00f0 g\u00e6ta \u00feess a\u00f0 t\u00e6ma hann reglulega. Einnig \u00fearf a\u00f0 g\u00e6ta \u00feess a\u00f0 skipta um poka og\/e\u00f0a pl\u00f6tu reglulega. \u00dea\u00f0 er afar misjafnt hversu lengi plata endist hj\u00e1 hverjum og einum. Sumir \u00feurfa a\u00f0 skipta um allt daglega, a\u00f0rir l\u00e1ta n\u00e6gja a\u00f0 skipta um \u00e1 5-7 daga fresti. Og \u00feeir sem nota loka\u00f0an poka \u00feurfa vitaskuld a\u00f0 skipta oftar um en \u00feeir sem eru me\u00f0 t\u00e6manlega poka.<\/p>\n

Flestir eru 4-6 vikur a\u00f0 jafna sig eftir a\u00f0ger\u00f0 og geta \u00fe\u00e1 sn\u00fai\u00f0 aftur til vinnu. \u00deeir sem stunda l\u00edkamlega erfi\u00f0a vinnu \u00feurfa a\u00f0 jafna sig \u00ed 2-3 m\u00e1nu\u00f0i. \u00deessi t\u00edmi getur \u00fe\u00f3 veri\u00f0 mun lendri ef um er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a langvarandi veikindi \u00e1\u00f0ur en til st\u00f3ma\u00f0ger\u00f0ar kemur. \u00cd \u00feeim tilfellum \u00fear sem enda\u00fearmur er fjarl\u00e6g\u00f0ur, tekur \u00fea\u00f0 skur\u00f0sv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 5-12 m\u00e1nu\u00f0i a\u00f0 gr\u00f3a vel.<\/p>\n

Ristilst\u00f3ma<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Colostomy-\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Vi\u00f0 ritilst\u00f3ma er hluti ristilsins fjarl\u00e6g\u00f0ur og \u00fe\u00e1 ne\u00f0ri hluti hans. Er \u00fe\u00e1 tengt beint fr\u00e1 ristlinum \u00ed Ristilst\u00f3mast\u00f3m\u00eduna en \u00fatskilna\u00f0urinn er mun \u00feykkari en hj\u00e1 garnast\u00f3ma\u00feegum.<\/p>\n

H\u00e6g\u00f0irnar eru forma\u00f0ar og ver\u00f0ur h\u00e6g\u00f0arlosun oft svipu\u00f0 og fyrir a\u00f0ger\u00f0. Ristilst\u00f3ma\u00feegar nota loka\u00f0ar poka og skipta um hann 1-2 sinnum \u00e1 s\u00f3larhring.<\/p>\n

Sj\u00e1 n\u00e1nar um ristilst\u00f3ma, \u00e1 ensku, h\u00e9r<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Garnast\u00f3ma<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"ileostomy\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Garnast\u00f3ma (ileostomy) er mynda\u00f0 \u00feegar ne\u00f0sti hluti garnar er tekinn \u00fat um kvi\u00f0vegg h\u00e6gra megin og sauma\u00f0ur vi\u00f0 h\u00fa\u00f0. \u00cd sumum tilfellum er ristillinn fjarl\u00e6g\u00f0ur. Garnast\u00f3ma getur veri\u00f0 t\u00edmabundi\u00f0 e\u00f0a endanlegt.<\/p>\n

Hlutverk ristilsins er a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 um fr\u00e1sog v\u00f6kva \u00far h\u00e6g\u00f0um. \u00deegar ristill er fjarl\u00e6g\u00f0ur, e\u00f0a er ekki virkur, ver\u00f0ur l\u00edkaminn a\u00f0 f\u00e1 sinn v\u00f6kva fr\u00e1 g\u00f6rnunum. \u00dev\u00ed \u00feurfa garnast\u00f3ma\u00feegar a\u00f0 auka v\u00f6kva- og saltinnt\u00f6ku.\u00a0Flestir garnast\u00f3ma\u00feegar nota t\u00e6manlegan poka og t\u00e6ma hann 4-5 sinnum \u00e1 s\u00f3larhrign<\/p>\n

Sj\u00e1 n\u00e1nar um garnast\u00f3ma, \u00e1 ensku, h\u00e9r<\/a>.<\/p>\n

J-poki<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"j_pouch_surgery\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00c1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum hefur \u00fea\u00f0 f\u00e6rst \u00ed v\u00f6xt a\u00f0 \u00ed sta\u00f0 st\u00f3m\u00edu eru ger\u00f0ir innvortis pokar og \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 jafnt vi\u00f0 um \u00fe\u00e1 sem lenda \u00ed ristila\u00f0ger\u00f0um sem a\u00f0ger\u00f0um vegna galla \u00ed \u00fevaglei\u00f0ara e\u00f0a \u00fevagbl\u00f6\u00f0ru. \u00deeir sem fara \u00ed sl\u00edka a\u00f0ger\u00f0 vegna ristilsj\u00fakd\u00f3ms f\u00e1 svonefndan garnapoka.<\/p>\n

Til \u00feess a\u00f0 unnt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 gera sl\u00edka a\u00f0ger\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur enda\u00fearms- e\u00f0a hringv\u00f6\u00f0vinn a\u00f0 vera \u00ed lagi og a\u00f0 ne\u00f0sti hluti ristilsins hafa veri\u00f0 skilinn eftir. \u00ddmsar aukaverkanir kunna a\u00f0 fylgja \u00ed kj\u00f6lfar sl\u00edkra a\u00f0ger\u00f0a auk \u00feess sem lyfjanotkun er nau\u00f0synleg en mestar l\u00edkur \u00e1 a\u00f0 allt gangi vel eru hj\u00e1 yngra f\u00f3lki og f\u00f3lki \u00e1 mi\u00f0jum aldri sem er l\u00edkamlega vel \u00e1 sig komi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0ru leyti.<\/p>\n

Sj\u00e1 n\u00e1nar um j-poka, \u00e1 ensku, h\u00e9r<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u00devagst\u00f3ma<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"urostomy\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00devagst\u00f3ma (e. urostomy)\u00a0f\u00e1 \u00feeir sem lent hafa \u00ed uppskur\u00f0i vegna n\u00fdrnaa\u00f0ger\u00f0ar e\u00f0a galla e\u00f0a s\u00fdkingar \u00ed \u00devagst\u00f3mia\u00fevagbl\u00f6\u00f0ru og fer \u00fe\u00e1 v\u00f6kvinn \u00ed \u00fevagpoka. \u00deess h\u00e1ttar a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir eru mun f\u00e6rri en a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir vegna ristils.<\/p>\n

N\u00fdbla\u00f0ra nefnist innvortis \u00fevagbla\u00f0ra sem ger\u00f0 er \u00far g\u00f6rnum e\u00f0a botnlanga og kemur h\u00fan \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00fevagst\u00f3m\u00edu. \u00deeir sem eru me\u00f0 \u00a0n\u00fdbl\u00f6\u00f0ru geta, \u00f3l\u00edkt st\u00f3ma\u00feegum, haft stj\u00f3rn \u00e1 \u00fevagl\u00e1ti.<\/p>\n

Sj\u00e1 n\u00e1nar um \u00fevagst\u00f3ma, \u00e1 ensku, h\u00e9r<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Fr\u00f3\u00f0leikur um st\u00f3ma<\/strong><\/p>\n